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HOW DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WORKS IN HUMAN BODY
The digestive system is the part of the body that digest food,it also called the gastrointestinal system.The role of this system is very important because whatever we eat it transport the all over the body.This system breakdown food into simple chemicals that can be absorbed into the blood stream.From the blood stream ,nutrients go first into the live,which is called the storage of the body.The storage nutrients by the liver is released according to the requirement of the body.
The digestive system also release the waste material after absorption from the body as excetra.The digestive system starts from the lip and end at the anus.Animals like worms,birds,fish.mammals,insects all have digestive system.
PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY WHICH INVOLVES IN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The following parts of the human body which involves in digestive system.
(a) Mouth
(b) Pharynx
(c) Oesophagus
(d) Stomach
(e) Alimentary Canal
(f) Intestines-
Small Intestine-(1) Duodenum
(2) Jejunum
(3) Ileum
(g) Large Intestine- (1) Cecum
(2) colon
(h) Rectum
(i) Anus
Apart from these organs some others organs are there who are not part of the digestive system but helps in the digestion.
(a) Liver and gall blader
(b) Pancreas
(c) Salivery gland ,lips,teeth,tongue etc.
Food does not go through these organs,but they help in the digestion of food.
THE PROCESS OF DIGESTION
The alimentary canal is basically a long tube extending from the mouth to the anus.The alimentary canal is 30 feet (9 metre) long.The various part of this canal are specialised to perform different functions.What happen to the food when it enters into the body.
PROCESS IN MOUTH-
We eat variety of the food which has to pass through to the alimentary canal.Naturally the food has to be processed to generate particles which are small and the same texture because it helps in proper digestion.This is achieved by crushing the food with our teeth.While crushing the food in mouth food is broken down into small particle and it is wetted with the saliva which helps to pass through in alimentay canal easily.The saliva is secreted by the salivary gland and it contain amylase that breakdown starch which is a complex molecule into the sugar.The food is mixed throughly with saliva and moved around the mouth while chewing by the muscular tongue.
After crushing the food in mouth it is necessary to move the food in a regulated manner along the digestive tube so that it can be processed properly.The lining of canal has muscules that contract rhythmically in order to push the food forward.This is called periastic movement and it occur all along the canal.
PROCESS IN STOMACH-
From the mouth,the food is taken to the stomach through the canal or oesophagus.The stomach is a long organ which expands when food enters it.The muscular wall of the stomach help in mixing the food throughly with more digestive juices.
The digestion in stomach is taken care by the gastric gland present in the wall of the stomach.these release hydrochloric acid,a protein digestive enzyme called pepsin,and mucus.The hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium which facilitates the action of the enzyme pepsin.
FUNCTION OF SMALL INTESTINE-
After process of food in the stomach it moves into the small intestine through sphinter muscle which release in small amounts into the small intestine.Small intestine is the largest part of the alimentary canal which is fitted into a compact space because of extensive coiling.The length of small intestine differs in various animals depending upon the food they eat.
Small intestine is the site of the complete digestion of carbohydrates,protein and fat.It receive the secretion of the liver and pancreas for this purpose . The food coming from the stomach is acidic and has to be made alkaline for the pancreatic enzyme to the act.Bile juice from the liver accomplishes this in addition to acting on fats.
Fats are present in the intestine in the form of large globulus which makes it difficult for enzyme to act on them .Bile salts break them into smaller globules increasing the efficiency of enzyme action.
The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contain enzyme like trypsin for digestion protein and lipase for breaking down emulsified fats.The walls of small intesting contain glands which secrets intestinal juice . The enzymes present in it finally convert the proteins to amino acid ,complex carbohydrates into glucose and fats into fatty acid and glycerol.
Digested food is taken up by the walls of intestine .The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger- like projections called villi which increase surface area for absorption .The villi are richly suplied with blood vessels which take the absorbed food to each and every cell of the body.It is utilised by obtaining energy ,building up new tissue and the repair of old tissues.
FUNCTION OF LARGE INTESTINE-
The unabsorbed food is sent to the large intestine where it walls absorb more water from the digested food in the small intestine. The rest of the material is mremoved from the body as excreta through anus.
HOW DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WORKS IN HUMAN BODY
The digestive system is the part of the body that digest food,it also called the gastrointestinal system.The role of this system is very important because whatever we eat it transport the all over the body.This system breakdown food into simple chemicals that can be absorbed into the blood stream.From the blood stream ,nutrients go first into the live,which is called the storage of the body.The storage nutrients by the liver is released according to the requirement of the body.
The digestive system also release the waste material after absorption from the body as excetra.The digestive system starts from the lip and end at the anus.Animals like worms,birds,fish.mammals,insects all have digestive system.
PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY WHICH INVOLVES IN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The following parts of the human body which involves in digestive system.
(a) Mouth
(b) Pharynx
(c) Oesophagus
(d) Stomach
(e) Alimentary Canal
(f) Intestines-
Small Intestine-(1) Duodenum
(2) Jejunum
(3) Ileum
(g) Large Intestine- (1) Cecum
(2) colon
(h) Rectum
(i) Anus
Apart from these organs some others organs are there who are not part of the digestive system but helps in the digestion.
(a) Liver and gall blader
(b) Pancreas
(c) Salivery gland ,lips,teeth,tongue etc.
Food does not go through these organs,but they help in the digestion of food.
THE PROCESS OF DIGESTION
The alimentary canal is basically a long tube extending from the mouth to the anus.The alimentary canal is 30 feet (9 metre) long.The various part of this canal are specialised to perform different functions.What happen to the food when it enters into the body.
PROCESS IN MOUTH-
We eat variety of the food which has to pass through to the alimentary canal.Naturally the food has to be processed to generate particles which are small and the same texture because it helps in proper digestion.This is achieved by crushing the food with our teeth.While crushing the food in mouth food is broken down into small particle and it is wetted with the saliva which helps to pass through in alimentay canal easily.The saliva is secreted by the salivary gland and it contain amylase that breakdown starch which is a complex molecule into the sugar.The food is mixed throughly with saliva and moved around the mouth while chewing by the muscular tongue.
After crushing the food in mouth it is necessary to move the food in a regulated manner along the digestive tube so that it can be processed properly.The lining of canal has muscules that contract rhythmically in order to push the food forward.This is called periastic movement and it occur all along the canal.
PROCESS IN STOMACH-
From the mouth,the food is taken to the stomach through the canal or oesophagus.The stomach is a long organ which expands when food enters it.The muscular wall of the stomach help in mixing the food throughly with more digestive juices.
The digestion in stomach is taken care by the gastric gland present in the wall of the stomach.these release hydrochloric acid,a protein digestive enzyme called pepsin,and mucus.The hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium which facilitates the action of the enzyme pepsin.
FUNCTION OF SMALL INTESTINE-
After process of food in the stomach it moves into the small intestine through sphinter muscle which release in small amounts into the small intestine.Small intestine is the largest part of the alimentary canal which is fitted into a compact space because of extensive coiling.The length of small intestine differs in various animals depending upon the food they eat.
Small intestine is the site of the complete digestion of carbohydrates,protein and fat.It receive the secretion of the liver and pancreas for this purpose . The food coming from the stomach is acidic and has to be made alkaline for the pancreatic enzyme to the act.Bile juice from the liver accomplishes this in addition to acting on fats.
Fats are present in the intestine in the form of large globulus which makes it difficult for enzyme to act on them .Bile salts break them into smaller globules increasing the efficiency of enzyme action.
The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contain enzyme like trypsin for digestion protein and lipase for breaking down emulsified fats.The walls of small intesting contain glands which secrets intestinal juice . The enzymes present in it finally convert the proteins to amino acid ,complex carbohydrates into glucose and fats into fatty acid and glycerol.
Digested food is taken up by the walls of intestine .The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger- like projections called villi which increase surface area for absorption .The villi are richly suplied with blood vessels which take the absorbed food to each and every cell of the body.It is utilised by obtaining energy ,building up new tissue and the repair of old tissues.
FUNCTION OF LARGE INTESTINE-
The unabsorbed food is sent to the large intestine where it walls absorb more water from the digested food in the small intestine. The rest of the material is mremoved from the body as excreta through anus.
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